Catcher in the Rye Judgment Paper free essay sample

Passing judgment on somebody dependent on appearance or an early introduction for the most part isn’t an exact portrayal of the person’s genuine character. Be that as it may, to Holden Caulfield in The Catcher in the Rye, first impressions are concrete in quite a while mind. Since he is so critical, he doesn’t have any companions and in the long run goes crazy seeing as human instinct is to impart and interface and he doesn’t have anybody to connect with. J. D. Salinger contended in the catcher in the rye that being critical isn’t useful to ones prosperity or accomplishment throughout everyday life and this is viewed as Holden Caulfield makes a decision about everybody and drove most away when in actuality he yearned for anybody to be close with. In the novel, Holden got kicked out of Pencey Prep for bombing four of five classes. On out, he chooses to pay Mr. Spencer, his history instructor, a visit. They plunk down and Mr. Spencer starts to address Holden about his exertion in school and his future, however Holden will not tune in to Mr. Spencer scrutinize his life. Holden unexpectedly left Mr. Spencer’s house since he saw Mr. Spencer just as a man attempting to reprimand him, and not a man attempting to support him. â€Å"You will,’ Old Spencer said. ‘You will, kid. You will when it’s past the point of no return. ’ I didn’t like hearing him state that. It made me sound dead or something† (14) When Mr. Spencer says this to Holden, he is stating how it’ll be past the point of no return when Holden at long last awakens to the real world. Holden emphatically disdains this and that’s the explanation he left. That is one of the primary occurrences of Holden judging and driving endlessly people around him. He at that point comes back to his quarters and his neighbor, Ackley, stops by. Ackley is depicted as a pimply geek and that is the initial introduction of Ackley, exclusively his physical portrayal. Holden centers around his pimples, and his nail-cutting, and his quirks to depict Ackley as a nauseating human as opposed to concentrating on who he is as an individual. Since Holden is the storyteller, his perspective on Ackley is effortlessly observed as shallow and it makes Ackley resemble an unsympathetic character. Holden additionally had a flat mate at Pencey Prep, Stradlater. He was desirous of Stradlater’s sexual experience despite the fact that he never legitimately says as much. Holden judges Stradlater, considering him a â€Å"secret good-for-nothing on account of his nauseating characteristics. Holden could be nearer with Stradlater and they could be old buddies, however Holden is too bustling concentrating on the antagonism of Stradlater and his desire for Stradlater’s positive characteristics. Holden judges Stradlater and Ackley dependent on their quirks and appearances and they are a portion of the individuals nearest to him. Holden calls Stradlater a â€Å"secret slob† and says â€Å"The reason he repaired himself to look great was on the grounds that he was frantically infatuated with himself. He thought he was the handsomest person in the Western Hemisphere† (29). Around him, Holden sees just fakes and deceivers, anyway one could call Holden a wolf in sheep's clothing and fake too. Holden’s red chasing cap is an image of him not caring what any other individual thinks about him, however he picks just to wear it in the wellbeing of his own room. This repudiates the possibility that he doesn’t care at all what individuals think. Holden shouldn’t be judging Stradlater or Ackley dependent on their appearances since he also thinks about his own appearance which makes Holden a fake too. In the center parts, Holden misses Phoebe, his sister, and Jane, a young lady he had personal affections for, and even D. B. , his sibling. This is not the same as before on the grounds that now the peruser can see Holden’s requirement for organization and not just Holden’s critical demeanor and him driving everybody away. Holden likewise acknowledges a proposal for a whore to be sent to his room from a lift agent. At the point when she shows up, Holden’s youth guiltlessness and dread of adulthood are viewed as he tells the whore that he simply had medical procedure and can’t engage in sexual relations, in spite of this being an untruth. Holden’s sexual requirements put him into circumstances, for example, this one and subsequent to being punched by Maurice, he thinks twice about it. After Maurice left and he got up from the punch, he said â€Å"What I truly felt like, however, was ending it all. I wanted to leap out the window† (104). That lone sets him further back and now he is lonelier than at any other time. This experience with Maurice concretizes his perspective on the world as remorseless and cold. Later in the book, he goes out on the town with Sally Hayes. They go to a performance center show, and afterward ice skating however he understands she just needed to do this so she could flaunt her butt out in the open and this bothers Holden. At last Holden attempts to associate with her in his urgent supplication for affection, however she kills his arrangements to flee. He says she is a â€Å"royal torment in the ass†, and leaves. This experience causes Holden to pull back further into himself and isolate significantly more from society. He is losing confidence in his capacity to interface with somebody or discover love after Sally Hayes. Since he was so critical of everybody, he never tended to how to cooperate with others. Presently, when he needs organization, he can’t have any on the grounds that he drives everybody away with his juvenile practices. After the date, Holden calls up Carl Luce whom he used to know from an old private academy. They meet for beverages and Holden’s interest assumes control over when he begins posing inquiries about sex. Carl gets awkward with addressing the inquiries and leaves, proposing that Holden get mental assistance. Holden is presently extremely desolate in light of the fact that he had one more fair endeavor to associate with anybody and he was killed. Holden attempts to make Carl look like a fake, however he can’t shake his musings. All through â€Å"The Catcher in the Rye†, Holden Caulfield further and further separations himself from society. This is on the grounds that he is critical of every other person and considers the to be as a spot loaded with lip service and fakes. In any case, that makes Holden a fake too in light of the fact that he would fit under his own portrayal of a fake. Through his delineation of Holden, Salinger can remark on the results of being a critical individual and removing oneself from others. Holden did as such and wound up crazy in a psychological consideration office. In any case, had Holden put on an exterior of benevolence and care and kept his companions, would he have still wound up in the psychological emergency clinic?

“Perfection Wasted” by John Updike Essay

Legend Ends or Perfection Wasted? Every individual breathes life into a unique quality and blessing that makes an individualistic style to the world that we live in. The sonnet Perfection Wasted was composed by John Updike in the year 1990; this sonnet highlights the style that can never be supplanted when a friend or family member bites the dust. One approach to all the more likely comprehend a sonnet is to reword it into your own words. Reword of Perfection Wasted: One thing that is heartbreaking about leaving this life is the lost vivacity that an individual attempts to grow since the day they were conceived. The nearest connections encompassing the individual appreciate the very close occasions in the phase of life. They are there through the great occasions and the terrible while having most extreme worry for you. The numerous uncommon minutes that were spent together, will never be remembered again in a similar limit. Despite the fact that they can attempt to resemble you, they will never completely prevail because of individual quality you enlivened. â€Å"Imitators and relatives aren’t the same† The topic of this sonnet is demise and what elements play into what is lost when an individual kicks the bucket. The setting of the sonnet is philosophical in considering characteristics that somebody extraordinary conveys everything considered to life. I found no metaphors in the sonnet. Flawlessness Wasted is an allegorical in the possibility that is corresponding to the possibility that life is a phase and we are the players. Updike utilizes a ton of conceptual and hypothetical symbolism just as insignificant visual symbolism. One case of visual symbolism incorporates the portrayals of the stage and the depiction of the faces he finds in the crowd. A case of active symbolism is the â€Å"laughter† which drives the crowd individuals to cry. The symbolism is distinctive and effectively sways the perspective on the peruser into an enthusiastic state. The sonnet contains a medium to significant level of lingual authority that contains little slang while utilizing one compression in the last line that is the word â€Å"aren’t†. The words are not excessively detailed and keep up a distinct job in the sonnet; the degree of phrasing didn't uncover what area the storyteller begins. I decided to contrast the sonnet Perfection Wasted with the ongoing going of my unbelievable legend Dale Earnhardt. He was a stunning driver who experienced his reality on a phase in the open eye. I had the chance to meet Dale a few times consistently and he had that exceptional shimmer when I met him face to face. Others can drive a vehicle, yet nobody can supplant Dale or his style. His child keeps on driving one of the Earnhardt vehicles, however as Updike says, â€Å"imitators and relatives aren’t the same†. I realize I won't be. I enjoyedâ reading Updike’s sonnet Perfection Wasted just as his prior work named â€Å"A&P†. He has a remarkable composing style that carries the peruser to an enthusiastic and compassionate state in identifying with his characters. We would all be able to identify with the circumstances that he puts his characters, alongside their musings and activities. Demise may carry the conclusion to the enchantment of one lifetime , or the finish of a legend. Despite the end, flawlessness was not squandered. It was shared among the individuals whose lives were moved by that person’s blessing.

Patrick Ballinger Essay

Patrick Ballinger Essay Patrick Ballinger Essay Patrick Ballinger Educator Stacey Carnes-Reyes Human science 101 20 November 2014 The three expansive sociological points of view influenced me under one significant class in my secondary school life. The program JROTC, had each of the 3 sociological points of view, Functionalist Perspective, Conflict Perspective, and Symbolic Interactionist Perspective. We had at one point secured each of the 3 of these viewpoints, our educator needed us to see an alternate view on how society/things work. We would be given various assignments, on a lower grader level (let) would ask us what to do in a circumstance. Being a more established cadet in JROTC we would need to watch out of our viewpoint and into theirs. I have a real existence occasion that utilizes every one of the 3 points of view splendidly. I’ll utilize our military ball for this point of view, the senior class is entrusted to timetable and run the ball. That goes structure bringing in to hold the occasion to setting up the tables in a sorted out manner. We split the undertakings, I was put into the guest p lan and by and large administration of ball occasions. This implied I needed to see where the tables where set and where the seniors (let 4) cadets will site. The seniors will be spread out to keep more youthful cadets very. For dealing with the ball occasions was even more a very late activity, I needed to ensure everybody was here and at their place they were appointed. I was to be feed data from different boards of trustees as the weeks found some conclusion. So way I would know what’s going on and when. We approached the most recent week and about portion of the boards came to me with what they were doing. That went smooth, no season of appearances knock more than each other nothing. At that point around 2 gatherings came to me that required somebody, a similar individual, to get something at the specific time. I saw it directly as it occurred. I disclosed to them one of you need to locate another time or another driver. They started contending regarding why their gathering need to change, why can’t the other one. So I hopped in and said sick drive somebodies stuff up there that morning to assist. That was the main significant hindrance of arranging it. During the ball we had our regarded services, shading watch posted the hues, the ceremonial group did the POW MIA table function, and afterward we continued to have our conjecture talk. During our supposition addresses, the more youthful cadets began to talk. We prepared of this and had some Let 3 and 4 (youngsters and seniors) go up unobtrusively and request that they be very or we would accompany them out. After the supposition talked, the time had come to eat. The estimate would go out first and would go to a different zone to eat, while the cadets ate then around 45 minutes after the fact, the music, moving and different merriments start. There was at one point a little contention that occurred between a cadet and their date. I was approached to converse with the male cadet about what occurred while a female conversed with his date. The issue was settled close to it beginning. There were increasingly minor issues while the ball continued. The route a portion of the cadets and their dates move was taken into question. Those issues were quickly searched out and fixed by ether teachers

SAT Great Global Conversations Reading List

One of the big changes on the new SAT is the inclusion of historical documents. The SAT is expecting you to enter the Great Global Conversation In other words, these essays are sort of like a huge group text. But instead of figuring out where to go for dinner, everybody is, you knowmaking history. Theres a really good chance some of these essays, letters, and documents will show up on the SAT. Great Global Conversation: Founding Fathers George Washington Thomas Jefferson Benjamin Franklin Great Global Conversation: Founding Documents The Declaration of Independence The Constitution The Federalist Papers The Bill of Rights Great Global Conversation: Later American Presidents Abraham Lincoln: Gettysburg Address Second Inaugural Address Franklin Roosevelt Harry Truman Dwight Eisenhower John F. Kennedy Jimmy Carter Ronald Reagan SAT Reading: Civil Rights and Suffrage Frederick Douglass: Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass My Bondage and My Freedom Sojourner Truth: The Narrative of Sojourner Truth Booker T. Washington: Up From Slavery The Future of the American Negro W.E.B. DuBois: The Souls of Black Folk The Conservation of Races Ida B. Wells-Barnett: Southern Horrors The Red Record Mob Rule in New Orleans Elizabeth Cady Stanton: History of Woman Suffrage The Womans Bible Reminiscences SAT Reading: British Voices Mary Wollstonecraft Edmund Burke The Magna Carta SAT Reading: American Voices Ralph Waldo Emerson Henry David Thoreau Youve got a great reading list here, but dont forget to check out other Magoosh blogs to help you figure out what to do with all these documents. Now get reading!

Threats and Opportunities for the Development of the Leading News Channel CNN Free Essay Example, 3000 words

CNN has a global presence and is available in 212 countries, and it is the CNN International branch of CNN which serves its global audiences. It is the number two news network in the US, with BBC ruling the product ladder of news channels. Since it has launched, it has extended the CNN brand into various other satellite and cable TV networks, as well as a radio channel of its own. In addition to that, it has many websites where it has made its reach. The media industry is an industry which has seen its emergence in the last decade or so and is flourishing at an amazing rate. To belong to the media industry, let us study some of the characteristics of the industry itself and of the people that belong to it: - DYNAMIC: The industry is dynamic and fast-paced. If a news channel organization is ever visited, it can be seen that nobody is sitting idle and there is a certain aura of urgency in the atmosphere. Everybody is on their toes and ready for action. This characteristic is highly a pplicable when there is breaking news and the news channel has to react to the situation in an effective manner despite personal concerns and make the news reach out to the audience somehow. - TIME-SPECIFIC: The industry is highly bound by time. We will write a custom essay sample on Threats and Opportunities for the Development of the Leading News Channel CNN or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/page This is because the number of programs that are broadcasted on the news channel analyze news according to their own viewpoints, for example, The Joy Behar Show. If any political party's sentiments are hurt in any way or the social sentiments of any particular group of people is hurt, it can then become a danger for the organizations.

Is Games Good Or Not For Human Development - 1270 Words

Games are an essential part of all cultures throughout the world and are one of the oldest form of human interaction. It has been around human being since 3000 BC by the discovery of the oldest board games in Turkey and since then, games has been developing rapidly (Attia 2014). Nowadays, most people love to do it as a nice way to spend their leisure time because it makes them feel relaxed, enjoyed, or even make money by doing it. There are many types of games such as board games, card games, roleplaying games, and electronic gaming; but all games have a common thing; they teach us various aspects of life. However, many, especially parents, regard games as a bad thing to do, but others think that they could benefit from doing it. Same†¦show more content†¦Video games are also effective to build adolescents resiliency on facing failure. In game worlds, there is no such thing as huge punishment when the gamer did mistakes. They could restart the game and try to avoid the mista ke that they did last time. This cycle keep repeating itself until the adolescent immune to it. They will have more determination and not give up easily. Phillips stated that gamer have an intense concentration and deep focus on tackling a really difficult problem. When they eventually solve the problem, they will be in a condition that is so extraordinary positive because they had no idea that they would have solved the problem until they achieve it. It was almost beyond the threshold of an imagination and when gamer get there, they were shocked to discover what they truly capable of (Phillips 2015). This is what we need to see on millions of problem solvers. Adolescents who play games moderately will eventually turn into adults with an amazing problem solving skills. However, this condition might also be a problem because gamer feel that they are not as good in reality as they are in games. Relating this to the first source, gamer are really good in the virtual world but implement ing the same performance in reality is not as easy as it looks. They are not as in motivated to do something that matters as if they are in game worlds. Nonetheless, they have the capability to solve the problem even though they

Medtronic Cardiac Pacemaker Business free essay sample

Please answer the following questions: a. Which of the improvements in the new product development process that the Medtronic management team implemented strike or impress you as having been particularly crucial to turning the company around? b. What are the costs and benefits of having implemented product line architecture and train schedule in the pacemaker business? Answer: a. I am so impressed with the platform strategy, even though the other 5 processes were also contributed to the turning of Medtronic back to its rhythm. The platform strategy was an answer to the Medtronic’s inability to introduce new product ahead of its competitors. Some factors that contributed to this problem were: 1. No structured approach to plan product families. New products were not leveraged with derivative products that could extent their life and market reach. 2. No integrated process to focus on the new product development. The first element of platform strategy, which was designing new product to accommodate the full range of derivative models, helped Medtronic to improve their capability to plan product families. The new product will have the highest performance and most sophisticated features. The product families then derived by de-featuring and de-rating certain elements of that design. This element also helped ensuring Medtronic to focus their effort and resources during product development stage. The second element of platform strategy was strived to maintain strong presence in both low end and high end market. The high-end product will be introduced first in high price, while the derivative of this high-end product introduced later to target the low-end market segment. Each new product will always be designed to enter both low-end and high-end market. This is also answering the ironic of pricing the high cost product low and the low cost product high. The third element of the platform strategy was enabled Medtronic to have wide range of product families. Medtronic changed their platform from a physical architecture to a hybrid circuit platform. By this new platform, the circuit could be modified easily and faster to form the derivative products. As been mentioned earlier, the 5 other processes were also contributed to the urning of Medtronic. ?Speed This process is basically in respond to the slowest part of Medtronic process in developing new product, which was actually deciding what needed to be done. By establishing process to define what new products that will be developed, Medtronic can ensure that they have well-defined product at the front end. ?Project Documentation Establishing two documents to be written at the start of the development ph ase of each project was helped synchronized marketing and engineering department. Conceptually the marketing was responsible to assess what kind of product that customer needs and the result of this assessment shall be written in the product description document, while the engineering department shall translate the product description in to a detailed technical document through filling out the product specification document. ?Phase Definition This phase definition which comprise of demonstration and commitment phase helped Medtronic to be more focus in what needed to be done in each phase to ensure the quality decisions were made. Once projects enter the commitment phase, Medtronic expect 100% of them to be technically and commercially successful. ?Rhythm Establishing a so called train schedule system put awareness to all functions within Medtronic on when the next new product must be launched. This helped them to set milestones to ensure achievement of this schedule. ?Market Inputs This systematized process in getting input from customers by revitalizing two eight – person review board helped Medtronic to always on top of their customer needs. b. Costs and benefits of having implemented product line architecture and train schedule in the pacemaker business Product line architecture ?Costs: more resources were required to execute the platform strategy which is the basis to enable Medtronic in getting the product line architecture. New technology needed to be in place before beginning a platform project. A lot of competent people are required to ensure new technology is timely in place. They have to establish a product planning team who are responsible to define a platform strategy i. e. to devise an effective product line architecture built around product platforms. ?Benefit: by having product line architecture, the new product will be very effective in term of its market life as well as market reach. Having initial platform product designed It can accommodate the full range of derivative models from it, without significant redesign therefore it will reduce investment of time and money significantly. Train Schedule ?Cost: An i ntensive cross functional communication shall be properly managed to ensure synergy between those functions. Marketing, engineering and other department shall be involved in-depth up front to ensure milestones are achieved while maintain quality of their product. ?Benefit: a. Each division get more focus and put more effort in the development stage of new product. Each division realize that if they miss to put capabilities, specification, idea and other things the product that going to be launched in particular launching time will contain deficiencies associated with those things. b. Provide clear understanding on milestone and timing of new product launching so that everybody can plan their work properly.

Railway Journey By Schivelbusch Essays - Landscape, Topography

Railway Journey By Schivelbusch The thesis for Schivelbusch's book The Railway Journey seems to be that the railroad altered the traveler's perceptions of space, time, distance, nature and the senses. Although the means of a quick and reliable mode of transport was and is an important part of industrialization, it denaturalized and desensualized the passengers (Schivelbusch 20). Shrinking and reshaping the world it touches with industrial fingers and alienating the riders to the world around them. With fast and reliable steam power engines replacing previously expensive and unreliable natural sources of energy such as water or animal man is released from the constraints of nature. These engines do not succumb to the whims of weather or exhaustion and are reliable enough to keep and daily regulated schedule despite wind or rain. Yet, by replacing the age-old use of the horse and carriage and through sheer speed they have made the world smaller and more accessible to the people. Where in the olden days people experienced every step of the way with their senses now all they have to do is step on a train and step out onto a different place. The railroad has annihilated the space and time, which were characterized by the old transport technology (36). To the perception of the people who had previously experienced every step of their journeys the world seemed to have shrunk. The detachment of man from nature and his perception of nature is finalized in the construction of the railways (20). Since the ideal railway is hard, level and straight, they were not laid out sympathetically to the landscape but instead cut and carve their way through in a straight line. Nothing gets in their way, not river mountain or canyon. The riders of these straight speeding bullets see nothing but a disorienting sight of the landscape shooting past to quickly for them to focus on. The train creates a barrier between themselves and the landscape making them detached viewers of an untouchable scene. This barrier is later enhanced by the telegraph poles that began to be widely used to regulate railway traffic. Now"the traveler perceived the landscape as it was filtered through the machine ensemble (24)" The use of railways to transport goods began to be felt in the very architecture of the time. With the use of availability of previously hard to acquire items, such as glass and steel, the "railroad reorganized space (45)". These new materials bent the contrast between light and shadow making it uniform and absent of contrast, a disorienting combination to people used to rock and wood. In the very beginning of the book, culture is described as having an organic quality, if so it is now an inorganic culture. This culture is now detached from the organic. As the railways expanded their reach they began to affect the "special presence (40)"of various commodities and towns which were once associated with a certain region. This desensualization of the regions is described as losing their ?auras' and so no longer have the special qualities that it once has. No longer do people have to travel long and rugged distances for a certain fruit or to visit a certain town, now they only have to hop on a train then hop off. Thus the perception of individuality is lost. The changes of perception that the railway caused are precursor of the denaturalization and desensualization that is abundant is modern industrial society. Schivelbusch's book gives interesting evidence to this thesis. By its manipulation of the world by the railways which altered the old world views of travel and nature it changes the definition of man's world view and the place man sees himself as being in the landscape around him.

Cold Mountain Essays - Literature, Fiction, Cold Mountain, Films

Cold Mountain Essays - Literature, Fiction, Cold Mountain, Films Cold Mountain The setting for Cold Mountain is in the state of North Carolina during the Civil War time period. Most of the key events happen in Cold Mountain. Inman tries to go back to Cold Mountain because Ada's home is near Cold Mountain. When he reaches Cold Mountain he can go to Ada's home. The plot of Cold Mountain is to reunite Inman and Ada. Inman deserts the Confederate army a few years after the start of the war, and he tries to go back to Cold Mountain where he can find Ada's home. On his way to Cold Mountain Inman faces many challenges. Some of the challenges he faces are: 1. He has to hide from the home guard so they can't capture him and take him back 2. He has to hide from federal raiders so he won't get killed on his way back 3. He has to find food and shelter everyday The challenges stated above are just some of the challenges he faces, he faces many more challenges that I have not mentioned above. Also on the way to Cold Mountain Inman meets many different people. Some of these people help Inman and others just endanger his life. Ada Visible moisture- light haze, dense valley fogs, tatters of cloud hanging like rags on the shoulders of Cold Mountain (pg35). The third major difference is found the way they feel about small town life. Ada comes form city life. She lived in Charleston before moving to the country there for she had a view of the country that was not in the positive side (pg53). In the other hand Inman sees the country as his home. A place were every body is kind and peaceful. He is deeply attach to his small town life. But not everything where differences between the characters of Ada and Inman. There were also some similarities between them. The first similarity is found in their believe of the supernatural. Their characters both see superstition as a last resort for hope. Ada sees a man coming to town in a reflection in a well (pg49), this image she believe is the image of the person thats going to solve her problems. Inmans supernatural believe is the hope that Cold Mountain is a magical place were he can be reborn (pg23). They also agree in the thought that they need some one to help them continue their life. they need companion ship and some to express their feelings and believe to. One of the major points of the novel is the believe that nature is a the perfect shelter to protect them self from harm (pg66). In Adas case from the harm of public opinion, and in Inmans case from the

Has Realism got the big things right Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Has Realism got the big things right - Essay Example In relation to international politics or international relations (IR), realists are of views that states are the main actors reflecting the actions of the world. The states are meant to be sovereign actors thus meaning that there would be no other actor or regulator above the decisions of the states. All other organizations are hence supposed to follow the rules and regulations set by the individual states. The activities of different states lead to inter-state relations. According to realism, the nature of humans tends to be selfish and thus when the concept of international politics is concerned, it represents a struggle between the different states, each trying to make the most of their own interests Realism in relation to politics reflects the study and practice of international politics. Generally it discusses on the roles of the different states in a nation. It also assumes and makes statements on the states being concerned with their national interests and hence are carried away by these interests towards their individual actions. Thus according to realism, all states are concerned about their individual status in the world politics as well as their territorial reliability. Besides these, according to realists, the interests of the states may vary depending on their needs and circumstances. As far as neorealism and classical realism is concerned, there are certain differences between the two concepts. While classical realists are of the view that the reasons for international conflicts and wars are the imperfect behaviors and nature of the societies or the individual states, on the other hand, the neorealists have their belief in the anarchic system of international relations. According to the belief of classical realists, the state is considered to be more advanced against the entire system, while the neorealists believe that agencies hold greater space in the system than the states. Neorealists are of the view that the individual states act as unitary actors, on the other hand, classical realists make a distinction between powers of the status-quo and revisionist powers. Another difference between the neorealists and classical realists is that neo-realists make efforts to put up a more thorough and methodical advancement to the study of international relations, profou ndly predisposed by the â€Å"behaviourist revolution of the 1960’s while classical realism confine its analyses to subjective valuations of international relations† (Pashakhanlou, 2009). Realism and International Relations: Considering the relation of realism and international relations, there are four fundamental assumptions that realists have made for the international relations. Firstly, they assume that â€Å"the state is the most important actor in international relations† (Realism, n.d.). This reflects that the most important role in these states is that of the individual governments,

Business Strategies by Alex and Doreen Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Business Strategies by Alex and Doreen - Essay Example With the company’s total sales of $597,123 compared with the average of best of three of the companies at $653,764 from the CRR, the company could be deduced to be nearly closed, although below, to the average. Since the company ranked third out of eight companies and yet below the average, it would mean the top and second ranking companies may have higher sales revenues than the company. Â  As to what the best companies are doing in terms of strategies, the facts case study is not also clear. There is also no information on industry or company growth from one period compared to others periods for the purpose of deriving information on whether the industry is characterized by growth or not. Â  In term of profitability, the company is observed to be performing less than the industry average using the best of the three from the other companies. With $39,227 as net income compared with $110,254 average of the best of three, the company is less superior. Thus the company can be considered performing less than the average, which indicates the weakness of its strategy. Since the company ranked fifth out of eight firms in terms of net income in relation to sales, it would mean that Sparke Electrical was performing less than half of all the total of the number of companies on the average. Â  Any strength of Sparke Electrical is not evident based on its revenue and profitability performance compared with an average of eight companies in the industry.

Homage to My Hips Essay Example for Free

Homage to My Hips Essay The theme of Lucille Clifton’s â€Å"Homage to my hips† concentrates on a proud, strong, and powerful woman who is absolutely in love with her hips. Clifton’s tone throughout the poem focuses highly on her big hips. Not once does the she speak negatively about them. She feels absolutely wonderful about her big hips, making her feel so confident and full-bodied all at the same time. She gives off many reasons to why her hips make her modest, but full of pride. The beginning of ’Homage to my hips† illustrates the confidence that the speaker has about her hips. â€Å"These hips are big hips† (1) demonstrate how the speaker is proud of her big hips and does not mind what others may think about her hips. I feel like the speaker would be disappointed if she had little hips. The speaker knows that her hips are big and they need additional room when she explains â€Å"they need space to/move around in† (2/3). The speaker knows her hips do not fit into little places. The speaker of â€Å"Homage to my hips† is definitely not ashamed of her considerably large hips. After the speaker talks about her proud qualities as it pertains to her hips she moves on to speak about why her hips make her strong. In the lines â€Å"these hips/are free hips (5-6) the speaker demonstrates that her hips do what they want to do. Her wide hips have no limitations. â€Å"These hips have never been enslaved† (7) shows the speaker has never been controlled and she can uphold her freedom by herself. The speaker shows her strong side by stating â€Å"they go where they want to go/they do what they want to do† (8-9). The big hips do not make her feel weak. Finally Clifton speaks about how her hips make her powerful. I think that when the speaker states that â€Å"these hips are mighty hips/these hips are magic hips† (11-12) would give a sense that she can get certain things from a man or give a man a certain feeling. Also, the magic of the hips could attract a lover perhaps. I have known them/to put a spell on a man and/spin him like a top† (13-15) suggests that she knows her big hips are sexy and she can still have a sense of sexiness despite her big hips. She knows that her big hips can be a great turn on for a man. Her hips could make a man go wild if she so desired. In conclusion, the theme of Lucille Clifton’s poem gives a woman of bigger hip nature a sense of pride, strength, and prowess. Despite the need for additional room for movement, the woman in this poem is neither disappointed nor ashamed. She has the freedom to explore wherever she wants. She does not allow anyone to hold her back. Finally, the powerful natures of her big hips coincide with both sex appeal and an attraction. In the end she is satisfied with her big hips. Works Cited Clifton, Lucille. â€Å"Homage to my hips.

Black Holes Essay -- essays research papers fc

Black holes are one of the many things in the universe that scientists still have a muddy understanding about. However, with the incredible advances of technology, we are able to understand more than what we have in the past. Today, the only way to observe these incredible objects are by looking for radiation from the gas surrounding it. What are they? Black holes are no more than a  ³dead star. ² A star that is considered  ³alive ² would be our sun. The sun still produces energy by converting hydrogen into helium, thus considered to be  ³alive. ² Once a star has run out of hydrogen, it begins its dying process. The final stage may result in a black dwarf, which is a small cool object no longer radiating energy, or if the star harbors enough mass it could result in a black hole. Black holes are defined as a collapsed star. The difference between a black dwarf and a black hole is the original mass of the star, which determines whether or not that star will have enough gra vitation force to collapse upon its self and form a suction, or to remain as that small cool object, a black dwarf. Why do black holes suck everything in? To understand why material that enters a black hole is unable to escape, one must understand the concept of escape velocity. This is the velocity (speed) at which any material needs to exceed in order to escape from something. Because, as Einstein said,  ³What ever goes up must come down! ² In other words, in order for a space craft to exit the Earth ¹s atmosphere so that it must not come down, it must exceed a certain speed. In order to figure out the Earth ¹s escape velocity one takes the square root of the planet ¹s mass divided by the planet's radius. PLANET ¹S MASS / PLANET ¹S RADIUS = ESCAPE VELOCITY On Earth with a radius of 6,500 km, the escape velocity would be 11 km/sec. Therefore to launch any object away from Earth, the object must travel (escape) faster than 11 km/sec. All of this is of course the result of gravity. However, imagine a huge vise that squeezed the Earth to one-quarter its present size. What would then happen to the escape velocity? The velocity would increase because the mass would increase as the radius increased. Thus, taking the square root of a larger number, ending up with a larger number that being the escape velocity. The actual escape velocity of this hypothetical question would double it making it 22 km/sec. Taking ... ... horizon, which would emit radiation because of this. The thermal radiation is so hot that it is expected to be x-ray types of radiation. Once the radiation surpasses the even horizon, the x-rays cease and the material inside continues in great distortion. This is what scientists are trying to link to their observation of such radio active areas within out universe today. Bibliography Abell, George O. Exploration of The Universe. Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1975. Berger, Melvin. Quasars, Pulsars and Black Holes In Space. Canada: Longman Canada Limited, 1977. Bisnovatyi-Kogan, G.S.  ³At The Border of Eternity. ² Science. February, 27, 1998: 1321- 1322. Chaisson, Eric. Relatively Speaking. Canada: The Readers Digest Association Ltd., 1990.  ³Down The Galactic Drain. ² Discover. April 1998: 25. Shipman, Harry L. Black Holes, Quasars, and The Universe. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company, 1976. Sullivan, Walter. Black Holes- The Edge of Space, The End of Time. New York: Anchor Press, 1979. Taylor, John G. Black Holes: the End of The Universe?. New York: Random House Inc., 1973.  ³The Astronomers- Searching for Black Holes. ² Community television of Southern California, 1991.

Unit 1 – a Managerial Approach to Marketing

Kimberly Bell American Intercontinental University Unit 1 Individual Project MKT640 – A Managerial Approach to Marketing November 11, 2012 Abstract This paper reflects challenges brought on by starting up a new product, the effectiveness and efficiency of technology when marketing, and the battle of legal and ethical complication. Given are examples of different situation of each topic to demonstrate how each take place when starting a new product or service. The Marketing Scenario IntroductionWhen bringing a new product or service together there are certain aspects to be considered for a successful product or outcome. Those aspects may include target, sector, location, creating an effective marketing plans and advertisement strategies. There are also certain issues and challenges that may arise when bringing this new product or service into existence. Challenges in New Product Launches When bringing the new product or service into the market, without a plan in place for its t argeted consumers, sector, location, sales and distribution tactics there will be several issues and challenges to face.According to Bloom, if all these problems are anticipated and handled creatively, social marketing efforts can succeed (Bloom, 1981). Challenges: Target Market and Sector. One challenge that is very distinct is target consumers and sectors. These two challenges differ where ever you go. When bringing that new product into existence you must do the research of the market for the sector and target market. Therefore, realizing the market sectors as well as the target consumer can determine the difference that one or the other may cause for a major challenge.For example, 1990’s McDonald’s launched a product called Deluxe line to target the older people and launched a tag line â€Å"Especially for the grown up taste† to market it but the launch failed disastrously due to wrong selection of target market. Challenges: Effective Marketing Plan Another challenging task is creating an effective marketing strategy. Creating a effective marketing strategy when initiating a new product is all about keeping the consumers needs in mind. The information presented in the marketing should so explanatory that it gives precise information to the consumer about the details of the product.To give misleading information will cause product failure. Therefore, the marketing will be unsuccessful. For example, Levi Strauss came out with a product called type1 jeans with some different features in 2002 but the marketing and advertisements wasn’t properly devised and erroneously lead consumers in turn leading to failure of the product launch (Bonander, 2010) Challenges: Competition Another challenge is competition, when initiating a new product in the market because the market is constantly changing, entrepreneurs are constantly taking risks (ThinkQuest : Library).For example, in 1985 Coca-Cola launch a new version of the drink with a tag line â€Å"The best just got, better†, but the taste and quality of the new drink was not accepted by the consumers as the strongest competitors PepsiCo took the advantage and maximized its sales (POM final). Technology and New Product Development Marketing efforts can be enhanced by the use of technology. While sales and profits are progressing, it can also help the organization succeed in its marketing campaign. For example most companies are using social media and networking site like LinkedIn to market their business and services.These social networking sites can make the new product campaign even more effective. Technology: Distribution Technology can also allow way for distribution of products or services. Therefore, through desk top advertising, e-marketing, and online marketing, technology has led the way to easy access marketing (Herbert and Grace, 2008). For example, a software Gold Fire Innovator, developed by Invention Machine has three modules and comprises of tools that make use of value engineering and well formulated problem-solving methodology (TRIZ) to provide assistance to the users concerning the problem definition.Its second module called researcher Facilitates Engineers in executing semantic searches related with the powerful databases for finding appropriate resolutions and concepts (Frey, 2006). Technology: Efficiency and Effectiveness Technology also helps in the quality, effectiveness, and efficiency of product data. For example, in the banking industry several models based on Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) have been developed to help with the analyzing and processing of data (Yang, 2009). This process not only helps the organization to be more efficient but also more effective when servicing its customers.Technology: Display Technology can also help to display your new product in an arena for a big or small audience. For example, with a web page the new product can be advertised and sent over the internet, whereas it will be disp layed in a database to allow a professional and systematic presentation to a large audience and sharing the of a wealth of information on a continued bases. Legal and Ethical Implications in New Product Development Many legal and ethical implications are faced when launching a new product or service.For example, packing, labeling regulations, disclosures, and standards. There are difference regulations set forth in different countries. There is a must that organizations understand the responsibilities regarding regulations are crucial to ensuring worldwide compliance and sustained economic edge (Akin-Ogundeji, 2010). Legal and ethical implications: Packing and labor There are various countries, which have specific regulations regarding packaging and labeling. There are also stipulates on how and where the labels should be placed on a products.For example, in the US the PDP, is that portion of the package label that is most likely to be seen by the consumer at the time of purchase (G eneral Food Labeling Requirements). This PDP must appear on the front of the product. Legal and ethical implications: Advertisement or Display The media also creates controversy due to interpretations of the signage used to advertise. For example, baby food called Gerber, when it was launched in the France, it means stack or vomiting, which had very bad impression on the customers and led to the reduced sales of the product (Perlman, 2008).Legal and ethical implications: Media Advertisement and Display can really damages the launching of a new product because the audience can misused or misunderstand the given information. For example, when Coca-Cola entered china with the same name, the characters revealed the meaning as â€Å"Bite the wax tadpole† which was very unfortunate and misinterpreted by the people resulting in a controversy (Bite the Wax Tadpole). Conclusion It is to be concluded that from the above discussions that product development is extremely important.It als o determines the organizations success and failures. Therefore, it can provide a great advantage to the company success. However, in technology can provide a huge advantage and shorten the time of developing and marketing a product. Technology allows an organization to customize their product in the market. Lastly, the product should comply with the legal aspects to avoid problem with its success. References Akin-Ogundeji, D. O. Get Your Business Ethics Articles and Articles on Corporate Social Responsibility From Ethicsworld. rg. Get Your Business Ethics Articles and Articles on Corporate Social Responsibility From Ethicsworld. org. Retrieved November 11, 2012, from http://www. ethicsworld. org/ethicsandemployeesBhasin, H. (2010, January 22). Bite the Wax Tadpole – Why we chose a silly name. Web Development Ireland. Retrieved November 12, 2012, from http://www. bitethewaxtadpole. com/bitethewaxtadpole. htm Bloom PN, Novelli WD. Problems and challenges in social marketing. J Mark. 1981 Spring;45(2):79-88. PubMed PMID: 12280283. Retrieved November 11, 2012.Bonander, R. 2010. Top 10: Failed Product Launches. Retrieved on November 11, 2012 from http://ca. askmen. com/top_10/entertainment_100/139d_top_10_list. html Brand Failure – McDonald's Arch Deluxe. Marketing Strategy, Marketing Management, Marketing News, Advertising reviews. Retrieved November 11, 2012, from http://www. marketing91. com/brand-failure-mcdonalds-arch-deluxe/ Competition in the Market   The laws of supply and demand are bestevident in a competitive market. ThinkQuest : Library. Retrieved November 11, 2012, from http://library. hinkquest. org/C008486F/iiid. htm Frey, C. (2006). Goldfire Innovator takes product development, process innovation to the next level. Retrieved November 11, 2012 from http://www. innovationtools. com/Resources/ideamgmt-details. asp? a=147 General Food Labeling Requirements. U S Food and Drug Administration Home Page. Retrieved November 12, 2012, from htt p://www. fda. gov/Food/GuidanceComplianceRegulatoryInformation/GuidanceDocuments/FoodLabelingNutrition/FoodLabelingGuide/ucm064866. htm Herbert, H and Grace, A. (2008).Technology. Retrieved November 11, 2012, from http://www. npgoodpractice. org/Topics/Technology/Default. aspx Perlman, C. (2008). 10 marketing Faux pas. Retrieved November 11, 2012, from http://www. level2wo. net/? p=35 POM final. Scribd. Retrieved November 11, 2012, from http://www. scribd. com/doc/75844842/POM-final Yang, Z. Bank Branch Operating Efficiency: A DEA Approach. Bank Branch Operating Efficiency: A DEA Approach. Retrieved November 11, 2012, from www. iaeng. org/publication/IMECS2009/IMECS2009_pp2087-2092. pdf

The Triple Bottom Line Is A Global Authority On Corporate...

If we were to ask 5 different people the definition of sustainability, we would receive 5 different answers. However, the triple bottom line is a typical concept used often when talking about the subject of sustainability within a business. John Elkinston, a global authority on corporate social responsibility and sustainability coined the phrase for the first time in his book ‘Cannibals with Forks: The Triple Bottom Line of 21st Century Business’, in 1997. His argument was that the methods by which companies measure value should not only include financial bottom line, profit or loss but also a social, economic and environmental one as well (John Elkington, 1997). The concept has evolved into one that often has 3 overlapping circles which indicates that sustainability is typically defined as the place where economic success, social responsibility and environmental protection are all as significant as each other in business. In other words, the concept of the triple bottom line mainstreams the idea of sustainability as including people, planet and profit. It allows a business understand that a long term sustainability in an organisation requires more than just financial equity. It also helps to clarify that when businesses consider what sustainability means for them, it doesn’t mean that they had to give up the notion of financial success (Katz, RAK., Page, AP, 2013, Pages 852-855). The public is not satisfied with organisations who mainly concentrate on short term profitShow MoreRelatedSustainability and Triple Bottom Line Reporting Essay1628 Words   |  7 Pagesfocus on the longevity of the organization. The successful business understands the concept of sustainability and sustainable development. Due to the competition in the various markets, businesses must not only be concerned with well-being of the organization but are encouraged to look at their business from the entire perspective in order to see their impact on the world around the m. Sustainability is being considered by an increasing number of businesses due to the increase in environmental awarenessRead MoreThe Corporate Social Responsibility ( Csr ) Activities And Strategies Of A Blue Chip Company2192 Words   |  9 PagesIntroduction This paper seeks to analyse and critically investigate the corporate social responsibility (CSR) activities and strategies of a blue chip company, which has business operations in many different parts of the world. According to Schutz (2012, p125), corporate social responsibility has been defined as the proactive initiatives that a company undertakes with the main objective of solving a pre-existing problem, which directly affects the company’s clientele. These problems are usuallyRead MoreSustainability Royal Dutch Shell Essay6614 Words   |  27 PagesTable of Contents Page 1. Executive Summary2 2. Introduction3 3. Definition of Sustainability†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.3 4. An Overview of Sustainability †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦4 5. Shell’s Strategic Approach to Sustainability6 6. Literature focusing three sustainable issues9 7. Theory/Models used to evaluate Shell’s response to sustainability12 8. Recommendation on What Shell could do to become a sustainable business14 Read MoreTriple Bottom Line5612 Words   |  23 PagesES_TBL_7/1 17/8/04 7:40 pm Page 1 Chapter 1 Enter the Triple Bottom Line John Elkington In 1994, the author coined the term triple bottom line. He reflects on what got him to that point, what has happened since – and where the agenda may now be headed. The late 1990s saw the term ‘triple bottom line’ take off. Based on the results of a survey of international experts in corporate social responsibility (CSR) and sustainable development (SD), Figure 1.1 spotlights the growth trendRead MoreManagement Functions Within The Operations Management Essay1872 Words   |  8 PagesNissan has been able to use key advantages from three different operation theories: Just-in-Time (JIT), Toyota Production System (TPS), and Lean Production as well as integrate concepts such as triple bottom line, ISO 14000 standards, and incorporate corporate responsibility principles to maintain sustainability into their operations. Nissan has incorporated theories such as Just-in-Time (JIT), Toyota Production Systems (TPS), and Lean production into their OM functions. JIT is a process that focusesRead MoreCorporate Social Responsibility in the Philippines1221 Words   |  5 PagesMarital Law and the adverse effect of oil shock that brought the Global Financial crisis pushed more Filipino families into poverty. Thus in year 2000 onwards, pushed by new challenges such as increasingly critical consumers of products and services who demand more from the companies that produce them. Companies are now being scrutinized as never before and they are made to measure up to standards of environmental sustainability, ethical behavior and governance structures. Questions arise onRead MoreSupply Chain Sustainability at Gsk4373 Words   |  18 Pagesleading global organizations in the world. Sustainability in Supply Chain Management refers to the fact that organization should not only fulfill the wants and expectations of their stakeholders, but also avoid actions that reduce the ability of the interested parties, including the future generations to meet their needs. In order to elaborate, how a leading global organization takes Sustainable Supply Chain Management as a strategic goal, we have prepared our report on GSK’s Sustainability elementsRead MoreA Brief Report On Suzlon Energy Limited2675 Words   |  11 Pages1. Introduction Suzlon Energy Limited is one of the leading names of energy sector having global shared of 9.8% in the world. Operating across 32 countries and have more than 13000 employees. Operations of Suzlon Energy Limited are in Asia, Europe, Australia and America. Suzlon Energy Limited is the third largest manufacturer of wind towers and is a leader in Asia (UK Essay). The aim of Suzlon Energy is to supply power through wind energy to every market, customer by supplying them 600(KW) of powerRead MoreCorporate Social Responsibility and Single Strongest Argument1106 Words   |  5 PagesIdentify and explain the major factors in the social environment that create an atmosphere in which business criticism takes place and prospers. dasdasdassadasdasdadadasdadsdadasdasdassssssssssssssssssssss- ssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssss- ssssssssssssssssssssssscourse? Or is it still a vital reality? 4. Give an example of each of the four levels of power discussed in this chapter. Also, give an example of each of the spheres of business power. 5. Explain in yourRead MoreCorporate Social Responsibility ( Csr )1636 Words   |  7 PagesCorporate Social Responsibility (CSR) has gained a reasonable reorganization in the world of business. Organizations are now voluntarily putting their money in the public cause’s way more than they are required or forced by the law and proud present their doing their annual reports CSR is a form of corporate self-regulation integrated into a business model. CSR policy functions as a built-in, self-regulating mechanism whereby business monitors and ensures its active compliance with the spirit of

American Lobster Facts

Some think of lobster as a bright red delicacy served up with a side of butter. The American lobster (often called the Maine lobster), while a popular seafood, is also a fascinating animal with a complex life. Lobsters have been described as aggressive, territorial, and cannibalistic, but you may be surprised to know theyve also been referred to as tender lovers. The American lobster (Homarus americanus) is one of about 75 species of lobsters worldwide. The American lobster is a clawed lobster, versus the spiny, clawless lobster that is common in warmer waters. The American lobster is a well-known marine species and is easily recognizable from its two hefty claws down to its fan-like tail. Appearance: American lobsters are generally a reddish-brown or greenish color, although there are occasionally unusual colors, including blue, yellow, orange or even white. American lobsters can be up to 3 feet long and weigh up to 40 pounds. Lobsters have a hard carapace. The shell does not grow, so the only way the lobster can increase its size is by molting, a vulnerable time in which it hides, shrinks and withdraws from its shell, and then its new shell hardens over a couple months. One very noticeable feature of the lobster is its very strong tail, which it can use to propel itself backwards. Lobsters can be very aggressive animals, and fight with other lobsters for shelter, food and mates. Lobsters are highly territorial and establish a hierarchy of dominance within the community of lobsters that live around them. Classification: Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Arthropoda SuperClass: Crustacea Class: Malacostraca Order: Decapoda Family: Nephropidae Genus: Homarus Species: americanus American lobsters are in the phylum Arthropoda, which means they are related to insects, shrimp, crabs and barnacles. Arthropods have jointed appendages and a hard exoskeleton (outer shell). Feeding: Lobsters were once thought to be scavengers, but recent studies have revealed a preference for live prey, including fish, crustaceans and mollusks. Lobsters have two claws - a larger crusher claw, and a smaller ripper claw (also known as the cutter, pincher, or seizer claw). Males have larger claws than females of the same size. Reproduction and Life Cycle: Mating occurs after the female molts. Lobsters display a complex courtship/mating ritual, in which the female picks a male to mate with and approaches his cave-like shelter, where she produces a pheromone and wafts it in his direction. The male and female then engage in a boxing ritual, and the female enters the males den, where she eventually molts and they mate before the females new shell hardens. For detailed descriptions of a lobsters mating ritual, see the Lobster Conservancy or the Gulf of Maine Research Institute. The female carries 7,000-80,000 eggs under her abdomen for 9-11 months before larvae are hatched. The larvae have three planktonic stages during which they are found at the waters surface, and then they settle to the bottom where they remain for the rest of their lives. Lobsters reach adulthood after 5-8 years, but it takes about 6-7 years for a lobster to reach the edible size of 1 pound. It is thought that American lobsters can live for 50-100 years or more. Habitat and Distribution: The American lobster is found in the North Atlantic Ocean from Labrador, Canada, to North Carolina. Lobsters can be found both in coastal areas and offshore along the continental shelf. Some lobsters may migrate from offshore areas during the winter and spring to inshore areas during the summer and fall, while others are long-shore migrants, traveling up and down the coast. According to the University of New Hampshire, one of these migrants traveled 398 nautical miles (458 miles) over 3 1/2 years. Lobster In the Colonies: Some accounts, such as that in Mark Kurlanskys book say that early New Englanders did not want to eat lobsters, even though the waters were so rich in lobsters that they were literally crawling out of the sea and piling up inhospitably on the beaches. (p. 69) It was said that lobsters were considered a food fit only for poor. Evidently New Englanders eventually developed a taste for it. In addition to harvesting, lobsters are threatened by pollutants in the water, which can accumulate in their tissues. Lobsters in highly-populated coastal areas are also prone to shell rot or shell burn disease, which results in dark holes burned into the shell. Coastal areas are important nursery areas for young lobsters, and young lobsters could be affected as the coast is developed more heavily and population, pollution and sewage runoff increases. Lobsters Today and Conservation: The lobsters biggest predator is humans, who have seen lobster as a luxury food item for years. Lobstering has increased greatly over the last 50 years. According to the Atlantic States Marine Fisheries Commission, lobster landings increased from 25 million pounds in the 1940s and 1950s to 88 million pounds in 2005. Lobster populations are considered stable throughout much of New England, but there has been a decrease in catch in Southern New England. References and Further Information ASMFC. 2009. American Lobster. Atlantic States Marine Fisheries Commission. Accessed June 21, 2009.Ely, Eleanor. 1998. American Lobster.  Rhode Island Sea Grant Fact Sheet. Accessed June 15, 2009.Idoine, Josef. 2006.The Maine Lobster. Maine Department of Marine Resources. Accessed June 21, 2009.New England Aquarium. 2009. American Lobster. New England Aquarium. Accessed June 15, 2009.The Lobster Conservancy. 2009. The Lobster Conservancy Web Site. Accessed June 21, 2009.University of New Hampshire. 2009. Lobster Research at UNH: Frequently Asked Questions. University of New Hampshire. Accessed June 21, 2009.

The Extent Of The Flood Recorded - 965 Words

The extent of the flood recorded in Genesis 6-8 is of great importance. There are two sides of the debate. One side concludes that the flood was global in extant, while the other view postulates the flood to be local/regional. This paper will not focus on the debate, nor provide a defense of either view. Instead, the focus of this study will be to examine common words (â€Å"earth,† â€Å"all,† and â€Å"flesh,†) to argue that the biblical text cannot sustain a local/regional view of the flood. This conclusion is based on specific words and their usage in context not only in Genesis 6-8, but throughout the Old Testament. Old Testament Word â€Å"Earth† The biblical account of the flood is found in Genesis 6-8. One of the common words that is used in the account of the flood is â€Å"earth.† The Hebrew word for â€Å"earth† is × Ã– ¸Ã– «Ã— ¨Ã– ¶Ã— ¥ (erets) and has a range of meanings including: ground, earth, territory, or country. This is a very common word that is used over two thousand times in the Hebrew Bible. The word can encompass the entire planet as used in Genesis 1:1 which states, â€Å"In the beginning God created the heavens and the earth (erets).† From the context of this passage, God did not create one piece of land, but created the entire planet (cf. Genesis 2:1, 4; 14:19, 22; 18:18, 25; 22:18). The word â€Å"earth† can also refer to a specific piece of land or territory (Gen. 10:10, 11; 11:28, 31; 13:10; 47:6, 27; 50:8), district, piece of ground, or smaller territories. Considering all the uses of â€Å"earth†Show MoreRelatedEssay about Comparison of Flood Stories596 Words   |  3 PagesComparison of Flood Stories There have been numerous flood stories identified from ancient sources throughout the world. The Bible and the Koran both have flood stories that are similar but also share differences. The Epic of Gilgamesh also has a flood myth that is contrary to other flood accounts. Even though these stories are all dissimilar they all start because of the faults of man. The notion of the flood comes from a varied source in each story. In the Koran it was Noah who askedRead MoreUrbanisation Is An Integral Part Of The Economic Development1642 Words   |  7 PagesUrbanisation is an integral part of the economic development. The global economic growth, poverty alleviation, environmental sustainability and quality of life are largely determined by the extent of urbanisation. In the past few decades urban areas in the world have experienced inadequate infrastructure, rising population and the social problems like poverty, growth of informal settlement and environmental problems accruing it. These problems in turn poses serious problems to sustainable developmentRead MoreClimate Change In The Assiniboine River Basin In Southern Saskatchewan And Manitoba1133 Words   |  5 PagesRiver Basin (ARB) in Southern Saskatchewan and Manitoba experienced extreme flood conditions with prolonged duration and severity. This persistence and shortened interval betwee n disasters caused concerns about the impacts of climate change in the region (Brimelow, 2015). The interactions between the Atmosphere, Geosphere, Hydrosphere, and lastly Biosphere all contributed to the events that took place during the specified flood years. I will look to address the intertwined relationship between theseRead MoreComment and Compare the Boscastle and Pakistan Floods1302 Words   |  6 PagesDuring the 2010 monsoon season (July and August), Pakistan experienced the worst floods recorded in its history. Heavy rainfall caused flash floods in the north and north-western regions of the country. 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The 25th of April, Anzac Day The one day of the year that evokes universal emotions in so many people Free Essays

The 25th of April, Anzac Day – The one day of the year that evokes universal emotions in so many people. I am no different as I stand with pride as an Air Force cadet in my perfectly pressed blue uniform, time honored slouch hat, high polished belt buckle and black patent shoes that glisten like ebony in the sun. With a steel grey Styer rifle slung over my shoulder I stand guarding the Forest Lake War Memorial as part of the catafalque party. We will write a custom essay sample on The 25th of April, Anzac Day The one day of the year that evokes universal emotions in so many people or any similar topic only for you Order Now I feel honored to have been chosen along with three other cadets from 224 Squadron at Amberley to silently stand guard at this sacred memorial on Anzac Day 2010. With the blazing mid-morning sun, searing down on the back of my neck I silently plead with God. â€Å"Please don’t let me faint in the heat, like so many have done on previous parades†. All the cadets from 224 SQN have taken bets on who would be the first cadet to collapse in the harsh sun; bets are on Brewell, who is nearly 15 kgs overweight and known to never make it through a bivouac without having to report to the First Aid station at least once. As I stand with my head solemnly bowed, my mind wanders as I stand perfectly still. I think of Granddad, who when he was not much older than me was â€Å"Chasing Japs around the bloody jungle†. This is the only insight I have of Granddad and the war as he seldom talks of it. I catch a quick glimpse of Granddad from the corner of eye as he stands in the massed crowd, at 85 years of age he still stands tall. It is nearly 65 long years after Hiroshima and Nagasaki were bombed and the war declared over, yet Granddad has never missed an Anzac Day ceremony. However, he has never marched on this day of remembrance or ever worn his medals, much preferring to blend in with the crowd and remain anonymous. Why he chooses to do this, I don’t know. Although, I strongly suspect it has something to do with the fact that many of his childhood friends from the small country town in Victoria that he grew up in, never returned to Australia from the fighting in New Guinea. Or is it because he is a modest man? As he once said â€Å"You shouldn’t have to be thanked or applauded for doing the right thing†. My mind is brought back to the present, when the silence is pierced by the sounds of â€Å"The Last Post† from the lone bugle and the Wing Commander of the day barking out the command for the flag to be lowered. As the sound of the bugle fades, my mind returns to Granddad. Like a time traveler, I am transported back to another Anzac Day parade when I was about 10 years of age. I am marching with the Moggill Boy Scouts, at the Kenmore parade, once again Granddad blending in with the crowd that throngs the side of the road. After the ceremony, I am walking back up the steep hill beside Granddad, having to take two steps to his one. I ask him why he never marches on Anzac Day and lets me wear his many medals on my right breast. He simply mumbles, â€Å"I have my reasons†. As we approach the bakery, where I know we will stop and he will buy me an ice cold Coke and sticky finger bun with bright pink icing, he turns to me, ruffles my hair and quietly says â€Å"But, you make it all worthwhile†. Suddenly a thunderous roar of an F1 11 resounds approaching from the east and interrupts the speech by Shane Neumann, the local sitting member for the Federal electorate of Blair. I suspect the crowd is rather pleased that this silver winged albatross drowns his lengthy speech out. The F1 11 is now directly overhead and the crowd raises its eyes to see the belly of this huge piece of flying machinery. I wonder why this obsolete aircraft that most countries have phased out years ago still can bring a crowd to a standstill. Is it that, like Anzac Day, people like tradition and want to have a connection with the past I start to gently sway from side to side to try and get a bit of circulation into my body. The temperature must be at least 30 degrees and I have been standing unmoved for nearly an hour. I start to plead with God again not to let me faint. Once again my mind wanders off and I find myself thinking of not only Granddad but of Nana, who is also a returned service woman, and who like Granddad and so many more gave away their youth to serve their country. I think of Nana in the small kitchen of their modest home in Taringa, fussing around making me and all the other grandchildren making morning tea. I find it hard to believe that she could have ever been in the army. Why would someone so quiet and caring like her want to serve during a war? She must have felt it was her duty, for at the time five of her older siblings were in the forces serving overseas. Her father, also being a returned veteran from World War 1, maybe this is why Nana also comes and watches me on Anzac Day. Once again my mind is brought back to the present when the silence is broken by sounds of music that accompanies the wreath laying. As the young and old solemnly walk and place a wreath at the foot of cenotaph, I listen to the words of the chorus of the accompanying song, â€Å"Lest we Forget† Yes, as I stand with the Styer slung over my shoulder, I realise it is those three words â€Å"Lest we Forget† why I am here today. I am here today to thank Nana, Granddad, and everybody else who served in the war, for making such huge sacrifices, to secure our nation’s freedom. I hope that their sacrifices will not be forgotten. As the flag is again raised and the lone bugler plays the Reveille, I look around at the huge crowd, and I know for sure they will all be remembered. How to cite The 25th of April, Anzac Day The one day of the year that evokes universal emotions in so many people, Papers

Career Field description free essay sample

Biomedical engineering is the application of methods and concepts from engineering science and engineering technology to scientific and practical problems of medicine and health care. Biomedical engineers develop and design biomedical devices, systems, and processes. † Biomedical Engineers use the principles of engineering to solve health related and medical problems. They do a great deal of research in union with life scientists, chemists, and medical professionals to design medical devices like artificial hearts, pacemakers, dialysis machines, and surgical lasers. Some perform research on biological and life systems or investigate ways to modernize laboratory and clinical procedures. Frequently, biomedical engineers supervise biomedical equipment maintenance technicians, investigate medical equipment failure, and recommend new equipment for hospitals and install it. A biomedical engineer is responsible for creating new procedures and devices that effectively address health issues. â€Å"In designing products such as artificial organs or prosthetic devices, youll be putting both your engineering and medical skills to use. We will write a custom essay sample on Career Field description or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Designing and building complicated electrical circuits, computer simulations and the software that powers medical equipment is the engineering aspect, while working with and understanding living biological systems is the medical aspect. † As a biomedical engineer, youll combine your knowledge of the life sciences with engineering practices. Some of the devices designed by biomedical engineers include MRI equipment, drug delivery equipment and surgical equipment. Bioengineers also have a hand in the development of artificial organs and prosthetic limbs. Some days might find you training others on how to properly use equipment. A biomedical engineer may work in labs, hospitals, universities and manufacturing facilities. Biomedical engineers may be involved in research and development designing engineering products, or they may be in the hospital setting working with patients to determine the feasibility of a new biomedical device. There are many specialized jobs within the field of biomedical engineering. This includes areas such as bioinstrumentation, biomaterials and biomechanics as well as medical imaging, rehabilitation engineering and orthopedic surgery. For instance, â€Å"a bioengineer specializing in biomechanics works on understanding the underlying mechanisms of human or animal movement. In turn, this information may be used to design a process to minimize the risk of repetitive injuries, such as carpal tunnel syndrome. † This career is very specialized and has many possible career paths.

Credibility of Halal Beef Value Chain in Malaysia and Willingness of Consumers to Pay Premium Prices

Introduction Beef industry in Malaysia has been growing at a slow rate over the last decade. As a result, the country has been unable to meet the demand given the rapid increase in Halal beef consumption. The per capita consumption of Halal beef has increased from 1kg to over 6kg (Mohamed et al. 2008 p. 58).Advertising We will write a custom case study sample on Credibility of Halal Beef Value Chain in Malaysia and Willingness of Consumers to Pay Premium Prices specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The low production of beef has forced the government to import beef from the neighboring nations to meet the ever-growing demand. The low rate of production is mainly attributed to farm inefficiencies, which has also led to high cost of production (Mohamed et al. 2008, p. 59). There are five categories of beef producers in Malaysia, namely: ranch integrators, vast estates, commercial feedlots, and customary agriculturalist. The five categori es differ in animal numbers, a system of management and size of land. They are all involved in the production of both cattle and buffalo beef. The customary agriculturalists are the majority and possess nearly 80 percent of cattle and buffalo farms (Mohamed et al. 2008, p. 60). The ever-increasing demand for Halal beef products and services has had a significant impact on the local beef industry (Yeong-Sheng et al. 2015, p. 43). Since Malaysia is a predominantly Muslim nation, there is a special attachment to Halal products. Muslims abide by the strict dietary rule and are only permitted to eat Halal products. Therefore, Halal is very significant in the country’s food sector, including beef industry (Hamdan et al. 2013, p. 55). In addition, the growing demand for Halal products all over the world means that Halal food sector is no longer an industry that conforms to spiritual necessity, but is turning into an economic force in its own right (Noordin et al. 2009, p. 1). Genera lly, Muslim consumers often have a tendency to buy certified Halal products for a sense of security. For this reason, consumers in Malaysia are more concerned about the quality of Halal products than their prices. Malaysia Department of Islamic Development is the body responsible for Halal accreditation in Malaysia (Yeong-Sheng 2015, p. 5). According to Yeong-Sheng et al., demand for beef in Malaysia is inelastic to expenditure and price, which means consumers are willing to pay premium prices for quality beef products. However, the price elasticity of beef is relatively lower compared to advanced nations due to the general income level (42).Advertising Looking for case study on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The slow growth of beef industry and its enormous potential provides the rationale for choosing the topic under study. Moreover, businesses are now moving away from consumer-geared approach to value- driven approach to increase profitability and to build brand equity. Brand equity is defined as â€Å"any given brand name that has a specific significance and value to consumers and, therefore, influences future earnings and consumer loyalty (Westberg Pope 2012, p. 3). Beef industry in Malaysia and Concept of Halal and its traceability From the early 1960s to 2010, the individual consumption of beef in Malaysia has grown from 1kg to over 6kg. This is mainly attributed to increase in income and population, as well as the affordability of beef products (Mohamed et al. 2008, p. 58). Since more than 60 percent of the population is Muslims, food items must be prepared using Halal methods. In addition, consumers in Malaysia are increasingly becoming vigilant and conscious of the ingredients in food products and, therefore, are very selective. Some authors attribute this to a high level of literacy and increased concern for food safety, quality, and legitimacy. The global food safety cr isis also prompted Malaysia people to demand transparency in the production of Halal beef products (Hamdan et al. 2013, p. 55). Halal basically refers to food that has no trace of swine or pork and does not cause any harm to the body or physical wellbeing. Pork and Swine are highly forbidden in Islam. In other words, any food can be considered to be Halal as long as it is prepared or processed according to Islamic Shariah law (Lokman 2008, p. 2). The Halal guidelines and procedures are not just limited to Islamic law, but also hygiene and quality regulation. The materials and equipment used must also conform to Islamic law. Additionally, the production process must be observed and regulated by a qualified Muslim inspector. Food products, including beef that has met the Halal standard, are said to be Halal certified (Lokman 2008, p. 3; Hamdan et al. 2013, p. 57). Consumer Purchasing Pattern As already been mentioned, demand for beef in Malaysia is inelastic to expenditure and price, which means consumers are willing to pay premium prices for quality beef products (Yeong-Sheng et al. 2015, p. 42). The concern about the quality and safety of beef products in Malaysia has been aggravated by the recent fraudulent activities and safety incidences, for instance, the traces of pork DNA found in Cadbury chocolates in Malaysia two years ago. For this reason, consumers only purchase products that are certified and have markings and logos (Yeong-Sheng et al. 2015, p. 31).Advertising We will write a custom case study sample on Credibility of Halal Beef Value Chain in Malaysia and Willingness of Consumers to Pay Premium Prices specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The majority of Halal beef consumers trust local butcheries manned by Muslims than supermarkets. This happens despite the fact that meat products are highly regulated in Malaysia. The prices of beef are slightly higher than other meat products because the beef indus try is controlled by cartels. However, the willingness to pay premium prices for Halal beef products depends on consumer income levels. Low-income consumers in Malaysia tend to overvalue low-quality beef, whereas high-income consumers tend to overvalue high-quality beef (Hamdan et al. 2013, p. 60). Malaysia Overview The growth of the beef industry is still slow in Malaysia. However, the industry’s prospects are enormous given the increasing demand for Halal beef both locally and globally. This provides the rationale for choosing the topic under study. In addition, Halal beef consumers in Malaysia still have trust issues with their supply and value chain system. As a result, the majority of them only buy beef products from local butcheries and shops instead of supermarkets. This because consumers are more concerned about the quality and safety of beef products than prices. They are even more willing to pay premium prices for Halal accredited products (Yeong-Sheng 2015, p. 42; Hamdan et al. 2013, p. 60). Therefore, the case study will contribute to the body of knowledge aimed at improving the country’s Halal beef supply and value chain. Malaysia Halal Beef Industry Value Chain Analysis Value chain basically refers to an array of activities or processes used by businesses to enhance the quality of products. It also refers to a methodical way of splitting business operations and how they add value to the consumers. The main elements of Halal beef value chain are processes, information, and stakeholders (Backer Miroudot 2014, p. 55). The term value chain was first introduced by Porter in 1985. Porter (1985, p.34) defined value chain as organizational activities connected to a company’s competitive position. There has been a considerable shift in Halal beef marketing from client-based approach to value-based approach. The Malaysia government is striving to align the beef supply chain and value chain to enhance consumer experience and satisfacti on. Citizens had started to question the integrity of the existing supply chain due to its complex nature and inability to detect matters of integrity. The susceptibility of the supply chain was also attributed to its size and increasing demand for Halal beef (Mohamad Backhouse 2014, p. 3).Advertising Looking for case study on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The accreditation process ensures that beef products are prepared in accordance with Islamic principles and procedures (Tieman, van der Vost Ghazali 2012, p. 222). The certification process is managed by the Malaysia Department of Islamic Development. Besides, State Islamic Religious Department and Council are also mandated with the responsibility of issuing Halal licenses and logos (Muhammad, Isa Kifli, 2009, p. 54). Critics argue that the challenges facing the Halal accreditation in Malaysia is not with the process, but implementation. The issues affecting the implementation process include operational inefficiencies and governance (Noordin et al. 2009, p. 7). Mapping Halal Beef Industry Value Chain Analysis Value chain rests on the division of various operations and mapping of relations that might create value or costs in the production process. Value chain maps illustrate the industry players and functions. It usually contains a number of elements, which include: input supplie rs, production, processing, wholesale, retail, and consumers. These elements assist in organizing important information regarding the players/actors in the value chain (Backer Miroudot 2014, p. 6). The Halal beef value chain in Malaysia has developed over the past decade into an array of complex components involving different players that include ranch integrators, vast estates, commercial feedlots, and customary agriculturalist. However, the largest share of Halal beef in Malaysia is produced by customary agriculturalists. They account for nearly 80 percent of the total production. They are often found in the countryside where access to market and infrastructure is inadequate. Market and pricing information are unattainable. Earlier attempts to organize smallholder farmers into cooperatives and self-help groups have been futile. Therefore, these players in the value chain are not doing enough to add value to their products (Muhammad, Isa Kifli, 2009, p. 57). The village middlemen , on the other hand, usually gather animals from remote locations and take them to slaughterhouses where they are well fed and watered. The middlemen are autonomous operatives who utilize their local knowledge and social-economic relations to gain access to local markets. Most of them are restricted to certain geographical region due to financial constraints. They frequently distort prices and benefit at the expense of the farmers. In addition, they charge ridiculous fee and add no value. Instead, they add more than 10 percent of the abattoir gate price. In a nutshell, middlemen are not offering much in terms of value addition, yet they extract a fee from the value chain system that can barely sustain the additional cost. Therefore, there is a need to design and implement reliable information dissemination mechanism to enhance trust and collaboration between different players in the value chain (Muhammad, Isa Kifli, 2009, p. 59). Large estates and ranches often have feedlots for fa ttening both young and mature animals. The fattened young animals are basically for the export market, whereas the mature animals are for the local market. The feedlots are always located near the urban areas where there is a ready market. Nevertheless, the cost of operating feedlots has increased significantly, while the earnings from animals have gone down. This is mainly attributed to the inflated cost of inputs (Mohamad Backhouse 2014, p.9). Among the existing slaughterhouses, only 12 are operational. All of them have facilities for goats and sheep. However, facilities for cattle and buffalos are limited. Upon arrival, the animals are taken through a bodily inspection and rested for 72 hours in the holding areas where they are fed and watered. 12 to 24 hours before slaughtering, they are placed in a lairage where they are given water only (Mohamad Backhouse 2014, p.9). At the lairage, they are taken through another examination process. Animals that have passed the test are the n slaughtered using Halal procedures and methodology. The slaughtering process must be observed and regulated by a qualified Muslim inspector. A while later the remains are chilled at – 2 to 2 degrees Celsius for a day. In most occasions, slaughtering is done when a client makes an order (Mohamad Backhouse 2014, p.11). The only processing that takes place is putting the carcasses in stockinet ready for transportation or shipment. All the abattoirs have their own refrigerated trucks for transporting Halal beef products. However, the cold stores are limited. The abattoirs in Malaysia sell both Halal beef and by-products, for instance, blood, organs, and intestines. The sale of by-products helps the slaughterhouses to break even. The main responsibility of the wholesalers is basically picking the Halal beef products from the slaughterhouses and selling them to the retail market. They have limited storage capacity and, therefore, do not hold beef for long. The wholesalers and re tailers grade and repackage the Halal beef products (Muhammad, Isa Kifli, 2009, p. 59). Figure 1: Schematic description of the beef value chain Table 1: Summarizing the Value Chain Mapping Beef Production Processing Distributing Wholesaling Retailing Inputs Commercial feeds and minerals Pesticides Money Ice Packaging Beef Beef Beef Activities Zero grazing and open grazing Feed formulation Purchasing inputs Processing includes slaughtering, handling, preparation, inspection and packaging Distributing beef from slaughterhouses to wholesalers Picking up beef from slaughterhouses and sell products to retail market Most of the whoesalers have limited storage and, therefore, do not hold beef for long. Selling to consumers Outputs Beef cattle or Buffalo Beef Beef Beef Income Actors Ranch integrators, vast estates, commercial feedlots, and customary agriculturalist Abbattoirs Malaysia Department of Islamic Development State Islamic Religious Department and Council Middlemen fr om the villages Wholesalers Retailers, Supermarkets and local butcheries Problems Farm ineficiencies, which has led to high cost of production Poor methods of production Strong role of informal lenders and middlemen that have trapped farmers in poverty Fragmented markets Uncertainty of raw material suppliers Accreditation challenges Lack of adequate fund to modernize the faccilities Trucking facilities without coolants Poor road infrastructure in some areas which increases transportation cost Most wholesalers lack adequate storage facilities and, therefore, can not stock large quantity of beef The industry is controlled by cartels who regulate prices It is difficult to control the entire value chain in order to maintain standard quality and quantity Lack of consumer trust Low-income consumers tend to overvalue low-quality beef, whereas high-income consumers tend to overvalue high-quality beef Short product shelf life Lack of business and management skills Possible solutions Intr oducing scientific production methods Training farmers Providing affordable loans and promoting farmers cooperatives to eliminate the middlemen Establishing adequate buffer stock for raw materials Restructuring the accreditation process and enhancing public awareness Modernizing public abbattoirs Improving the road networks to reduce transportation cost Providing trucks with refrigerated facilities at affordable price Building more warehouses Introducing a stringent law to eliminate the cartels Enhancing the entire value chain to enhance product quality and quantity, which will also deal with the trust issues Providing free or affordable training to traders Recommendation to Improve Halal Beef Industry Value Chain In order to improve the existing value chain and make Malaysia a global Hub for Halal beef, the country should embrace the Western USA (California) model. The model targets five aspects, namely: institutional structures, improved productivity, improving local infrastruc ture, training players in the value chain, and stimulating demand for beef products. Currently, the beef industry in Malaysia is divided and has ineffectual umbrella body, as well as a poor grading system. The country should form a meat board like in the US. The body will oversee the formulation and implementation of a sound regulatory system, facilitate various segments within the value chain, enhance productivity across the value chain, improve credit access for abattoirs and processing companies, improving access to international market; come up with a standard grading system, and advise the government on matters related to beef sector. The government should support the formation of cooperatives and self-help groups. The cooperatives and self-help groups will not only help farmers to access credit facilities, but also market their products. The government should also increase access to loan facilities by providing interest-free loans and subsidized inputs through the cooperatives and self-help groups. In addition, training and public awareness on modern production methods should be carried out through these groups. The training should focus on livestock breeding, animal well-being, feeding and grazing land management, and fiscal management. The local infrastructure can be improved through the following ways: modernizing all the public abattoirs to international standard; improving road network; introducing feedlot facilities to help in fattening young calves and livestock ready for market; strengthening the certification body through adequate staffing and funding; providing cold storage facilities, including trucks and warehouses; and providing livestock scales at local markets among others. Figure 3: Change in the Halal beef Value Chain after the suggested intervention Conclusion Halal beef consumers still have some trust issues with the country’s supply and value chain system. This arose after the recent fraudulent activities and safety incidences , for instance, the traces of pork DNA found in Cadbury chocolates in Malaysia. In order to increase the credibility of Halal beef, each stage in the value chain have to be restructured. This can only be achieved by embracing the Western USA (California) model, which targets five aspects, namely: institutional structures, improved productivity, improving local infrastructure, training players in the value chain, and stimulating demand for Halal beef. References Backer, K Miroudot, S 2014, Mapping Global Value Chains, OECD Publishing, Paris. Hamdan, H, Issa, Z, Abu, N Jussof, K 2013, ‘Purchasing Decisions Among Muslim Consumers of Processed Halal Food Products’, Journal of Food Products Marketing, vol. 19, pp. 54-61. Lokman, A 2008, Shariah and Malaysia Halal Certification System, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia (USIM), Kuala Lumpar, Malysia. Muhammad, M, Isa, F Kifli, B 2009, ‘Positioning Malaysia as Halal-Hub: Integration Role of Supply Chain Strategy and Hala l Assurance System’, Asian Social Sciences, vol.5, no. 7, pp 44-50. Mohamad, N Backhouse, C 2014. ‘A Framework for Development of Hala Food Products in Malaysia’, Proceedings of the 2014 International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Operations Management, Bali, Indonesia, pp. 2-11. Mohamed, Z, Shamsudin, M, Radam, A Serin, T 2008, ‘The efficiency of beef cattle production: A case study in the target area of concentration in Johor, Malaysia’, Economic and Technology Management Review, vol. 3, pp. 57-74. Noordin, N, Noor, NL, Harshim, M Samicho, Z 2009, ‘Value Chain of Halal Certification System: A Case Study of the Malaysian Halal Industry’, European and Mediterranean Conference on Information System, Izmir, Turkey, pp. 1-14. Porter, M 1980, Competitive strategy: Techniques for analyzing industries and competitors, Free Press, New York. Tieman, M, van der Vost, J Ghazali, M 2012, ‘Principles in Halal Supply Chain Manage ment’, Journal of Islamic Marketing, vol. 3, no. 3, pp. 217-243. Westberg, K Pope, N 2012, ‘Building brand equity with cause-related marketing: A Comparison with sponsorship and sales promotion’, Journal of Marketing Communications, pp.1-19. Yeong-Sheng, J, Shamsudin, M, Mohamed, Z, Abdulla, Z Radam, A 2015, Demand for beef in Malaysia: Quantity or Quality, Sage Publications, London, UK. This case study on Credibility of Halal Beef Value Chain in Malaysia and Willingness of Consumers to Pay Premium Prices was written and submitted by user Matilda B. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.